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Intelligent Testing of Intelligence in the diagnosis of Specific Learning Difficulties/Dyslexia

Jan Alm

Uppsala University, Sweden jan.alm@psyk.uu.se

Abstract

In dyslexia research as well as in clinical practice the assessment of cognitive functions and information processing skills is of critical importance. At the background of SPLD are cognitive functions in the normal or above normal range co-existing with certain functions at much lower levels. In research as well as clinical practice the Wechsler scales hold a unique position in the evaluation of cognitive abilities. These test batteries are probably the most researched instruments in the science and profession of psychology. Much of this research has implications for the area of learning disabilities. There is however often a surprisingly poor understanding of how to interpret and evaluate the rich quantitative and qualitative data gathered during a two hour administration time of the test. How should we describe and estimate the intellectual ability of a person with some functions at the superior level and some at the level of mental retardation? Should the mean of a hugely scattered profile be taken as the best estimation of overall ability with the conclusion that the persons intelligence is normal or somewhat below? The Wechsler subtests are multidimensional and the psychologist needs to interpret the data from different theoretical viewpoints to give the best interpretation of the rich quantitative and qualitative data specific to that person. A thorough understanding of individual subtests together with awareness of the many different theories and models of intelligence and cognitive functions forms the ground for an intelligent interpretation of the results. The aim of the session is to make the audience familiar with well established practice in the area.

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